Living with EoE free essay sample

Being born into a family with a history of food allergies it was basically inevitable that I would have them. At the age of six months I was diagnosed with anaphylactic (life threatening) food allergies to peanuts, tree-nuts, milk, eggs, soy, beef, sesame, and green peas. Of course through my 17 years of life many have come and gone, but the preceding eight stayed the most consistent in my life, or for lack of a better term out of my life. I had always experienced the feeling that there was food lodged in my throat each time ate, or would randomly throw up after meals, but it wasn’t until the seventh grade that things got out of control. My parents always told me stories of trading off who held me while I threw up, and who was on â€Å"clean up crew† while I was a young child, they took me to doctor after doctor and the issue was just blamed on food allergies. We will write a custom essay sample on Living with EoE or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And it did get better for a while, until I reached middle school age. I can remember waking up in the middle of the night on many occasions with the most excruciating pain of my life. The feeling of multiple sharp pains would shooting down my abdomen, and spiral out into small circles just on the inside corners of my hip bones, theses pains so severe that my lower body felt paralyzed. After an hour or so of the pain I would throw up, and the pain would weaken and eventually fade away. If I didn’t have the pains, I had the feeling that I was constantly choking as I tried to eat, and then eventually throwing up later that day or evening.The problem was that there was no cause, no rhyme or reason, and no cure to the pain. After being sent to multiple specialists, I was finally seen by world renowned Dr. Wood at Johns Hopkins.He suspected a newly discovered disease called Eosinophilic Esophagitis. EoE is a build up of white blood cells called eosinophil cells in the tissues of yo ur esophagus. It causes the esophagus to harden when food tries to pass through, and eventually there will be â€Å"craters† or legions all down the patient’s throat. The first step was an upper endoscopy (scope) to take a biopsy of the cells in my throat, and an acid reflex test (just to rule it out). A person without EOE should have about 10-20 eosinophil cells in their biopsy; in my case the doctors got to 100 and stopped counting. It was made very clear that I had EOE, but because the diagnosis had only been around for about 5 years when I was diagnosed, there was no long-term research or any plans on how to treat it. Dr. Wood wanted me to go on a diet of just formula with the daily nutrition I needed. Thankfully my parents wanted me to be able to go out to eat with my friends, and live a relatively normal life as I enter my teen years. We selected as a family to treat me off my symptoms, and not worry about the possibility of long-term damage since there was no research to go off of. I am the research. We restricted my diet even more and I began taking more medicines, and in six months we would do another scope to see where my cell count wou ld be. My second scope came back with improving results, along with my third, and my fourth. While the cell count was not normal, it was low enough that I had no symptoms; I even began the reintroduction of milk and egg into my diet. Things were under control and life was great! I started to notice towards the end of my junior year of high school I was starting to have trouble swallowing again, and the pain in my abdomen was making appearances every now and then. I thought if I ignored the problem that I would just go away. In this past June during my typical â€Å"check up† appointment my doctor ordered my fifth scope. The results did not come back good. My cell count had shot-gunned back up, due to the reintroduction of foods. I felt so angry when I got the results last month (August) bad news meant more restrictions to my diet. I soon had a change of heart, my very wise mother reminded me of how these trials have built my character, and helped shaped who I am as a person. Without my food allergies, or my EoE my life would be much easier, but it wouldn’t be my life. All the negative energy I have gets turned into a positive thing when I mentor other young teens going through what I did, through the Food Allergy and Anaphylactic Connection Team’s teen advisory council. I have gotten to travel to different parts of the country and speak at national conferences to speak about my life and how I deal with the battles I face everyday. Thanks to my medical conditions I get amazing opportunities to help others, and meet other people just like me, all things that would not come to be without my allergies. EoE taught me that there is always light in even the darkest the of corners. I have chosen to fight this disease not only for myself, but the future teens who have to battle this disease in the years to come. The trials I have lived through with my food allergies and EOE have made me a more responsible and caring teen.

Assessing the Big-5 Model of Personality Essay Example

Assessing the Big Assessing the Big-5 Model of Personality Essay Assessing the Big-5 Model of Personality Essay Introduction This reappraisal discusses the paper presented by Karim, Zamzuri and Nor sing their work associating Internet moralss in an academic scene and the alleged theory Big-5 Model of Personality and how it helps to foretell computing machine usage behavior among pupils in Malaysia. The said survey was a research done on Malayan college pupils associating the Big-5 Model to Internet moralss and entitled, Researching the Relationship between Internet Ethics in University Students and the Big-5 Model of Personality published in Computers and Education which is a peer-reviewed academic diary ( Karim, Zamzuri A ; Nor 2009, p. 86 ) . It is good known that the rapid acceptance of Internet use is increasing in our mundane lives such as in the workplace, in societal networking, in commercialism, in banking and significantly in the academia. The widespread usage of the Internet in schools is furthered along because it is a really valuable tool for the educational procedure such as research for term documents, for illustration. It has been used progressively to advance squad work every bit good, such as college pupils given some assignments that require group work and close coordination among the members. The rapid usage of the Internet has besides engendered many unethical patterns today such as duplicity, plagiarism, straight-out disproof and fudging by informations by the pupils. There is clearly a demand to joint a set of ethical behaviors to forestall such patterns going widespread and entrenched in pupil behavior. Although the survey s writers had done an admirable occupation in suggesting the usage of the prognostic Big 5 Model in an academic scene, the survey has some defects which can be best addressed in future surveies to be undertaken by other similarly-inclined research workers and hopefully use the findings in other scenes as good. Discussion Article Summary The survey being critiqued here concerns the consequences of a study ( self-report ) done on 5 different college sections in the International Islamic University of Malaysia ( IIUM ) . The pupils in this public university were made to reply a questionnaire that links the extent to which these pupils engaged in unethical behavior with respects to their Internet use. The entire figure of student-respondents was 270 but merely 252 returned filled-out signifiers were really utile for the intents of this survey and the balance of 18 responses discarded ( ibid. p. 88 ) . The whole point of this survey which is rather pioneering in its novel usage of the Big 5 Model is how unethical Internet behavior can be faithfully predicted based on the five factors of personality or traits that sociologists term as amenity, conscientiousness, emotional stableness, extra-version and rational openness. The usage of this Big 5 Model is documented rather good in other surveies related to ot her Fieldss such as concern direction and consumer behavior purchasing forms and determination devising. This survey by Karim et Al. is an effort to make full out some identified research spreads. As of now, there is a dearth of research literature that had specifically linked the Big 5 traits to existent unethical behavior sing Internet usage. It is even more important that this survey is one of the first of its sort to associate the Big 5 Model to a few identified specific unethical behavior in a tertiary-level academic scene. With the menace of a deadline for entry of a term paper, for illustration, pupils are at great force per unit area to bring forth some quality academic work end product. This force per unit area has frequently lead to unethical behavior like plagiarism, deceitful usage of printed stuffs and even manipulating a set of informations by either changing the consequences slightly or wholly fabricating a false set of informations. The writers of this survey set out to find the extent or prevalence ( how widespread ) are the identified unethical behavior among Malayan college pupils sing Internet usage and if there is a nexus between those and the Big 5 Model to be able to reliably foretell them. The article reviewed here first gave some background on why unethical behavior in Internet usage has become rather common. Among grounds cited by the writers are advantages of utilizing the Internet like its easiness of usage and its widespread handiness with people and pupils now holding entree to cheaper Internet connexions. Experts consider Internet handiness as a blessing instead than a curse, particularly in an academic scene where much research work is being done. Entree to informations and other valuable beginnings of information and resource stuffs is made executable with Internet engineering ( Laurence A ; Miller 2000, p. 110 ) . The assorted unethical behaviors are termed by the survey writers as ITAD or Internet of this slowdown is in bioethics which struggled with the morality of root cell research utilizing embryo-destruction techniques ( Hug 2006, p. 111 ) and had a difficult clip specifying what constitutes a human being from the start of fertilisation, the fertilized ovum. In the same manner, Internet engineering has far outpaced the development of a set of the basic criterion codification of behavior that will hopefully steer all single Internet users. When a deadline for entry of a important academic paper is looming, the sense of urgency and immediateness now acquires an exigency position for pupils caught in state of affairss no different from Alzheimer s and Parkinson s sick persons who are impatient with all blowy moral statements about the moral properness of stem-cell research ( Ponnuru 2006, p. 160 ) . Students are more than probably to prosecute in unethical behavior to be able to go through the paper on clip. It is safe to presume that the fright of penalty when caught is now instilled in pupils heads due to the usage of electronic plagiarism sensing package such as Turnitin and CopyScape. But a more distressing issue is the deficiency of a comprehensive set of cyber-ethics that will instil values and guidelines about proper usage of the Internet as an academic resource as told by the writers. A Few Critical Issues in the Paper The writers of this paper claimed that the most common academic wickednesss connected with Internet usage are duplicity, disproof, plagiarism, delinquency and unauthorised aid. But within the same paragraph, they besides point as a confining factor of their survey the deficiency of more comprehensive correlativity analysis between these common wickednesss and the factors that may hold facilitated their committee such as single features, equal force per unit area and institutional policies ( or the deficiency thereof which is the instance with some universities ) . The writers should hold done a correlativity analysis on this relationship because it had someway detracted the cogency of their findings. Their failure to insulate these variable factors had impinged on whether the Big 5 Model is truly valid and replicable in other experiments with respects to the nexus between unethical Internet behavior and personality traits. There is another determina tion that I found a spot upseting or to state the least, rather confounding and this pertains to the profile of the study respondents. The writers of this survey had a 70 % female composing of respondents and merely 30 % are males. A different set of demographics in which females comprise two-thirds of the respondents does non in any detract from some of their decisions. However, presuming that their usage associating the Big 5 Model is right with respect to Internet behavior, so this survey at best has some skewed consequences. This is because it conflicts with an earlier survey done by Szabo A ; Underwood ( 2004 ) demoing an dismaying prevalence of the deviant behavior among males alternatively of females. The writers should hold clarified on this farther to avoid confounding their readers about some of their decisions. However, viewed on decisions that agreeableness, conscientiousness and emotional stableness are significantly reciprocally correlated to unethical Internet behavi or, so it someway makes sense because females are more fearful of acquiring caught and terrible effects of prosecuting in such deviant behavior than males. The writers acknowledged that the Big 5 Model is correlated positively with a figure of factors such as single public presentation, civilization, ethical behavior, profoundly held values and beliefs every bit good as the sense of morality ( Rawwas A ; Isakson 2000, p. 325 ) . These three writers further claimed in their survey that single differences sing the Big 5 Model that took into history certain fluctuations in civilization are rather stable or robust and therefore every bit valid or applicable with respects to their findings utilizing Malayan pupils. However, about in the same vena, they besides disclaimed that this is true by saying the consequences of their survey could be rather alone to the Malayan academic environment merely. This contradicts earlier claims that the Big 5 Model is applicable across assorted civilizat ions. Although they clarified on it with a caution, the writers still need to do a categorical base on this. Overall, I agree with their decision that amenity and conscientiousness are two factors that faithfully predict pupils antipathy to prosecuting in unethical Internet behavior but I find this to be a spot axiomatic. They besides stated that extra-version and rational openness are non strongly correlated which struggles with their hypotheses ( H1 and H5 in their paper ) . Decision Of all the wickednesss pupils are likely to perpetrate, it is likely plagiarism. This academic misdemeanor is non truly a condemnable offense but still pupils sometimes commit it accidentally or inadvertently because of the displacement in educational direction, from giving unwritten presentations of assignments to faculty and replaced by demands of written documents ( Simmons 1999, p. 41 ) . The survey writers suggest that ethical behavior is related to positive personality traits and if taken together with applied psychological science rules can be used to plan a comprehensive set of computing machine or cyber-ethics that can be integrated to the present course of study. An interesting manner to maximise the usage of Large 5 Model in Internet moralss will be to utilize a longitudinal survey that tracks the same people similar to a 4-year survey that detects a form ( Beauvais et al. 2007 ) .

Application letter

Being given to understand that there is a vacancy of above mentioned post in your reputed organization I would like to apply my candidature for the same. I request your good self to give me an opportunity to prove my capability in your esteemed organization. I assure you that I shall give my best in getting the jobs accomplished. My CV is enclosed herewith for your kind perusal. Expecting a favourable response from your end. Thanking You, Yours faithfully, Tamanna Patel To, Respected Sir/Madam, Subject: Job Application request for the position of â€Å"Business management faculty I am an aspirant Management Professional, done MBA in Marketing Management from ITM [Institute for Technology Management] Deemed university, Navi Mumbai with first class. I completed my graduation in B. E (Electronics communication Engineering) with first class from V. N. S. G. U. Surat. I was associated for two Major Marketing project at Pantaloon Retail India Ltd, Mumbai I would take it as a privilege, if I get a chance to associate myself with your Esteemed Organisation to give better pace to my career. As I firmly believe that this would give me Immense Exposure and a correct platform to get a glimpse of corporate world and would help me improve my personal skills and competencies. I sincerely wish to add value to the organisation with full dedication, my creativity and passion to think differently. I would be highly obliged if you consider my application and give me a chance for the same. Preferred location:-Surat, Mumbai, Ahmedabad Please refer to the attached Resume. Awaiting for your reply in anticipation. Thank you Yours truly, Alok Patel MBA (Marketing), B. E (E. C. ) [emailprotected] co. in Ph: (+91)- Mobile Number To, Sr. Manager, Commercial R/Sir, Your organization is one such organization, which operates, in a professional, dynamic and vibrant environment. Moreover I am absolutely sure that there would be extremely challenging and growth oriented career opportunities existing in your organization. All these therefore positively motivated me to explore an appropriate opening with your good self. On my part I can assure you that with my qualifications and experience accompanied with the knowledge and skill acquired during my job period, I would be able to make a meaningful and significant contribution to your organization. I am enclosing my Curriculum Vitae for your kind perusal and looking forward to an opportunity to present my skills and capabilities in person. Regards with thanks. ( Prateek Joshi ) Jamnagar, Gujarat. 9978499784 Personal Manager HRD Respected Sir Please accept this letter and other documentation as application for the position of Manager/ Sr. Engineer-Mechanical. I am quite excited about the possibilities at your esteemed organization. I hope that you will find my background to be of enough interest to interview me further regarding this position. I enclose my CV outlining my experience to date and key skill areas, which I believe are relevant to this position. I would welcome the opportunity to discuss my application with you and look forward to hear from you. Yours sincerely, Sawan Jasoliya Mr. Kimani wa Kimani P. o Box 616165225 Nairobi 00100 Tel: 070000000 kimani. [emailprotected] com Date The Human Resource Manager XYZA Company Ltd. P. o Box 616165225 Nairobi 00100 Tel: 070000000 Dear Sir/ Madam, I am writing to apply for the †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (position) advertised in the (Source). As requested, I am enclosing a completed job application, my certification, my resume and three references. The opportunity presented in this listing is very interesting, and I believe that my strong technical experience and education will make me a very competitive candidate for this position. The key strengths that I possess for success in this position include:  · I have successfully  · I strive for continued excellence  · I provide exceptional contributions to customer service for all customers With a (An academic qualification like a Bachelor’s or a Diploma), I have a full understanding of the (State the purpose of the job here) excelling at new (State job area) as needed. Please see my resume for additional information on my experience. I can be reached anytime via email at kimani. [emailprotected] com or my cell phone, 07000000. Thank you for your time and consideration. I look forward to speaking with you about this employment opportunity. Sincerely, Full Name Date The Manager Life Live Insurance Company Uhuru Park Box 893276 – 002726 Nairobi Dear Sir/Madam I am writing to enquire whether you have any positions available within your organization. My name is John Mtu. I have completed a (State the highest academic qualification) and have enrolled to do further study at (State the next best qualification)in the area of (State the area of specialization). I am a caring and genuine individual. I am very eager to find employment within the (State the industry) and believe I would be a valuable asset to your organization. I have attached my resume for your perusal. I can be contacted at anytime on 070000000. I thank you for taking time to read my application. Yours truly, John Mtu

Reflection and Evaluation of three Technologies Essay

Reflection and Evaluation of three Technologies - Essay Example Additionally, retrieval of content from the internet relies on flash player programs such as adobe. The technology was initially applicable through Smart sketch application because the designers focused on addressing the needs of varied platforms. The flash content files were stored in shock wave format. This allowed the programmers to use Action script language in encoding the graphics in different formats. Additionally, the programmers use flash editor to enrich web content when designing the application. The content can be encoded using java script format, and the extension .swf is used in storage format. Short wave extension makes images appear smaller in the flash player. The format increases flash images capacity to store huge volumes of data (Enticknap, 2005, p.1). The storage codes allow flash images to support different applications making it the preferred technology when disseminating and storing website contents. Evaluation The use of flash technology has led to advances i n computer graphics. It has enabled website developers to design interactive websites that stream data at faster speed. The component manipulates graphics and presents them in different version. The use of XML file is dominant in image edition. According to Enticknap (2005, p.34), the template stores the contents of the website before the transformation of the image. The technology manipulates the contents when designing images that are user friendly to the audience. Flash is a suitable technology that can access images online. Software developers use the technology when designing slideshows that enhance interactions with clients online. Computer programmers use flash image technology to encode information in auto script version. This saves storage capacity and time taken to retrieve flash images. Additionally, the technology uses small bandwidth when streaming information. This makes it compatible with various technological components such as Macromedia Flash MX that carries this a pplication. The compatibility of flash image technology allows web views to obtain information from different places. However, it is necessary to obtain a plug in feature when planning to view the web contents. Flash images application demand less from the users in terms of operational skills. Moreover, the applications are affordable and exude high performances. This has lead to the preference of technology in computer applications. Flash images are instrumental when enriching internet application. The technology enhances interactivity by combining graphics technology when coming up with interactive computer programs. Lastly, the feature supports multidirectional display of website content. HTML5 Technology Overview HTML5 is an assortment of web-based applications that are still evolving. The concept of HTML5 began after developers noticed various deficiencies in HTML4 and associated XHTML. These deficiencies ranged from minor syntactic incoherence to insufficient support of media presentations (Meyer, 2010, p.83). Consequently, recent developments within the HTML5 technology have targeted such defects to develop quickest advances that would improve the performance of internet technology. Developers are standardizing the HTML5 technology into simpler and less controversial pieces. The HTML5 is a technology that organizes and presents information of the World Wide Web.

Corporate Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Corporate Strategy - Essay Example The announcement of the merger led to a fall in the stock price of Bank of America, while an increase in the stock price of Merrill Lynch. Interestingly, an acquisition would lead to a halt in the 94 year old independence of Merrill Lynch and on the other hand Bank of America would pass the largest bank, namely Citigroup in their asset size. (www.uk.reuters.com) Moreover this strategic acquisition of Merrill Lynch would also give the Bank a dominant position in the arena of wealth management as well as give the largest retail brokerage. (www.uk.reuters.com) Top officials claimed that with the acquisition, the company would reach a position which it would ideally take ten years to reach. One of the biggest roadblocks which Bank of America faced was that it bagged a huge amount of loss which Merrill Lynch had in its kitty. Apart from that while their retail brokerage would prove to be immensely profitable, the position could be a bit difficult where financial services companies were co ncerned. The acquisition was completed in the year 2009. The acquisition of both the companies has led to several constructive results as their synergies came together. In 2010, the bank saw the highest revenues in comparison to any other investment bank in the areas of asset backed securities and leveraged loans.

Compare the way a news story is presented in three different newspaper extracts Essay Example for Free

Compare the way a news story is presented in three different newspaper extracts Essay In this essay I will compare the way a news story is presented in three different newspaper extracts. Extract A is from The Times on Tuesday 4th September, extract B is also from The Times on Tuesday 4th September extract b is an editorial, extract c is from The Guardian G-2 on Friday 7th September extract c is a front page graphic. All three extracts cover the event that happened on Monday 3rd September between the Catholics and the Protestants. The incidents occurred when Catholics school children from Holy Cross Primary school began there new school year. The children had to walk in between barriers of armoured police, just to get to school. The incident started when republicans was accused of knocking over two men on ladders who were putting loyalists flags on lampposts out side Holy Cross Primary School before the marching season in June. In all three extracts there is a powerful opening statement to catch the readers attention, extract A uses a pun the young girls of the Holy Cross Primary School in Belfast began their new school year yesterday with a horrifying lesson in sectarian hatred. This is trying to say that in schools children are learning about hatred instead of being taught other lessons such as getting along with everyone regardless of whether they are Protestant or Catholic. Extract B also uses a powerful opening statement Northern Ireland has yet again shown its Gorgon-face of bigotry. This states that once again Northern Ireland has shown its monstrous side, whereas extract C states Why it takes the image of a child to wake the world this makes the reader to feel sorry for the children and is an rhetorical question. Extract A has a big, bold headline it states Children walk a gauntlet of Belfast hatred which makes the reader to want to read on. Extract B states Children in the middle this is also trying to get the attention of the reader, whereas extract C doesnt have a headline because it is a front-page graphic. Extract A uses a certain amount of emotive language to make the audience feel certain emotions. Extract A states screamed at not shouted at but screamed at, spat at use of abuse on children, sobbing uncontrollably this states that the children werent crying they were uncontrollably sobbing due to the riots. The emotive language in extract A has a certain effect on the audience, it makes the reader feel sympathetic towards the children. Extract B also uses a certain amount of emotive language using words such as Gorgon-face of bigotry and hideous spectacle. These words are usually associated with beasts, therefore this statement is trying to show that what is happening, should be considered as monstrous and that the victims of this monstrosity are innocent children. Surrounded and overwhelming are adjectives meaning that there is no way out for the victims, showing that the whole situation cannot be resolved. Extract B is an editorial and is the editors point of view not the facts. Extract C doesnt use a lot of emotive language mainly because it is a front-page graphic from a supplement.

Journalism Essay -- Media Journalists Journalism News Essays

Journalism Today the term journalism is applied to prestigious publications such as The New York Times, and to television news operations such as 60 Minutes and NBC Nightly News. â€Å" First amendment rights and the democratic political environment of the united states have contributed to the uninhibited growth of the news media in public and private communication.†1 the world of journalism has changed dramatically from the colonial days. When newspapers were just channels or devices of commercial and political information. SKILLS AND/OR APTITUDES With the new changes in technology, it has changed the nature of the journalism industry, making it vividly sophisticated and requiring a wide range of skills. There are four significant skills, to become an exquisite journalist; to be prepared, alert, persistent, there, and wary. v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A prepared reporter educates her/himself. v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An alert reporter looks for intriguing facts. v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A persistent reporter never quits. v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A reporter who is there gets onto the scene where news happens. v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A wary reporter trust nothing until she/ he is sure of it. A journalist must also know the difference between a source and a subject, because all reporting involves a source and a subject. A subject is whatever a journalist investigates, and a source is whatever answers the journalist’s questions. The most basic way to get answers is to ask questions, this process is called interviewing. â€Å"The single most important thing to do when interviewing anyone is to listen carefully,† said journalist Michael Kronenwetter in his book How to Write a News Article. A good journalist must learn how to study his subject and source. Journalist must know how to listen carefully and pick up if the interviewee left out any crucial facts, contradicts him or herself, or mentions newsworthy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Journalist must also have good writing skills, and must learn how to take down copious notes. Must be able to record as much as possible, so that they are likely to forget anything of importance. Journalist must also be able to observe and report every little facts. Including tone of voice, facial expression, gesture, body characteristics, and the environment a subject creates at home or office. These little facts can reveal a lot about a subject, so it should be reported.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another skill significant to journalism is research, u... ...gy has changed so much there are even more jobs available that fall under journalism but it has also made the journalism industry very complex but sophisticated. Journalism has come a long way since the days of commercial printers who single handedly published news books and newsletters, and of radio stations that were one person operations from private homes. Well-defined jobs are decreasing in the world of journalism but there is stillroom for those who are innovative, creative, and aggressive. Reference Page 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Everette, E. Dennis and Ismach Arnold H., Reporting Processes and Practices: News Writing for Today’s Readers, Belmont CA, Wadsworth Publishing Co. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fedler, Fred: Reporting for the Print Media, Harcourt, Brace and Jovanovich, 1984 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ferguson Publishing Company Staff: What can I do NOW? Preparing for a Career in Journalism, New York NY, USA, Ferguson Publishing Co. 1998 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.collegejournal.com/salarydata/journalism/20030807-nasaw.html 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kronenwetter, Michael: How To Write a News Article, Danbury CT, USA, Scholastic Library Publishing Co. 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Seidman, David: Exploring Careers in Journalism, New York, Rosen Publishing Co. 2000

Memory Management Strategies

ITCS 343 Opera-ng System Principles Memory Management Strategies Virtualizing Resources †¢? Physical Reality: Di? erent Processes/Threads share the same hardware –? Need to mul-plex CPU (Just ?nished: scheduling) –? Need to mul-plex use of Memory (Today) –? Need to mul-plex disk and devices (later in term) –? The complete working state of a process and/or kernel is de? ned by its data in memory (and registers) –? Consequently, cannot just let di? erent threads of control use the same memory –? Probably don’t want di? erent threads to even have access to each other’s memory (protec-on) †¢?Physics: two di? erent pieces of data cannot occupy the same loca-ons in memory †¢? Why worry about memory sharing? Memory Hierarchy of a Modern Computer System †¢? Take advantage of the principle of locality to: –? Present as much memory as in the cheapest technology –? Provide access at speed o? ered by the fa stest technology Processor Control Second Level Cache (SRAM) Main Memory (DRAM) Secondary Storage (Disk) Tertiary Storage (Tape) On-Chip Cache Registers 1s 100s Datapath Speed (ns): Size (bytes): 10s- ­? 100s Ks- ­? Ms 100s Ms 10,000,000s 10,000,000,000s (10s ms) (10s sec) Gs Ts Background ? Program must be brought (from disk) into memory and placed within a process for it to be run †¢? CPU can access directly to registers and main memory –? Register access in one CPU clock (or less) –? Main memory can take many cycles †¢? Cache sits between main memory and CPU registers - ­? to reduce CPU idle .me and make the available data faster to access. †¢? Protec-on of memory ensures correct opera-on –? to protect the opera. ng system from access by user processes and, –? to protect user processes from one another. –? One simple implementa. on is through base and limit registers Mul– ­? stepProcessing of a Program for Execu-on †¢? Prepara-on of a program for execu-on involves components at: †¢? Addresses can be bound to ?nal values anywhere in this path †¢? Dynamic Libraries –? Compile -me (i. e. â€Å"gcc†) –? Link/Load -me (unix â€Å"ld† does link) –? Execu-on -me (e. g. dynamic libs) –? Depends on hardware support –? Also depends on opera-ng system –? Linking postponed un-l execu-on –? Small piece of code, stub, used to locate the appropriate memory- ­? resident library rou-ne –? Stub replaces itself with the address of the rou-ne, and executes rou-ne Mul– ­? step Processing of a Program or Execu-on †¢? User programs go through several steps before being able to run. †¢? This mul– ­? step processing of the program invokes †¢? The appropriate u-lity (the rectangle) †¢? Generates the required module at each step (the circle) †¢? Basically, it is all about bind – addres s mapping. Binding of Instruc9ons and Data to Memory †¢? Address binding of instruc-ons and data to memory addresses can happen at three di? erent stages –? Compile 9me: If memory loca-on known a priori, absolute code can be generated; must recompile code if star-ng loca-on changes –? Load 9me: Must generate relocatable ode if memory loca-on is not known at compile -me –? Execu9on 9me: Binding delayed un-l run -me if the process can be moved during its execu-on from one memory segment to another. Need hardware support for address maps (e. g. , base and limit registers) †¢? Controlled overlap: †¢? Address Type: –? Separate state of threads should not collide in physical memory. Obviously, unexpected overlap causes chaos! –? Conversely, would like the ability to overlap when desired (for communica-on) –? A physical (absolute) address is a physical loca-on in main memory. –? A logical (virtual) address is a eference to a m emory loca-on that is independent of the physical organiza-on of memory. –? All memory references in user process are logical addresses. –? A rela-ve address is an example of logical address in which the address is expressed as a loca-on rela-ve to some known point in the program (ex: the beginning address). †¢? Transla-on: †¢? Protec-on: –? Ability to translate accesses from one address space (virtual) to a di? erent one (physical) –? When transla-on exists, processor uses virtual addresses, physical memory uses physical addresses –? Side e? ects: Can be used to avoid overlap,Can be used to give uniform view of memory to programs –? Prevent access to private memory of other processes †¢? Di? erent pages of memory can be given special behavior (Read Only, Invisible to user programs, etc). †¢? Kernel data protected from User programs †¢? Programs protected from themselves Base and Limit Registers †¢? Each process has a separate memory space (logical/user address space). †¢? A pair of base and limit registers de? ne the logical address space –? base register holds the smallest legal physical address –? limit register speci? es the size of the range of a process †¢? Could se base/limit for dynamic address transla9on (oBen called â€Å"segmenta9on†): –? Alter address of every load/store by adding â€Å"base† –? User allowed to read/write within segment  »? Accesses are rela9ve to segment so don’t have to be relocated when program moved to di? erent segment –? User may have mul9ple segments available (e. g x86)  »? Loads and stores include segment ID in opcode: x86 Example: mov [es:bx],ax.  »? Opera9ng system moves around segment base pointers as necessary Mul-programming †¢? Problem: Run mul-ple applica-ons in such a way that they are protected from one another †¢? Goals: –?Isolate processes and kernel fro m one another –? Allow ?exible transla-on that: †¢? Doesn’t lead to fragmenta-on †¢? Allows easy sharing between processes †¢? Allows only part of process to be resident in physical memory †¢? (Some of the required) Hardware Mechanisms: –? General Address Transla-on –? Dual Mode Opera-on †¢? Flexible: Can ?t physical chunks of memory into arbitrary places in users address space †¢? Not limited to small number of segments †¢? Think of this as providing a large number (thousands) of ?xed- ­? sized segments (called â€Å"pages†) †¢? Protec-on base involving kernel/user dis-nc-on

Is It Appropriate for Learning to Read? Essay

Dr. Carla Hannaford, an educator and neuroscientist, presented a revolutionary research that helped people have a better understanding of the things they know and those that they do. Dr. Hannaford’s book entitled Smart Moves: Why Learning Is Not All In Your Head, has been praised for the insightful link made between the body and learning. Joseph Clinton Pierce even considered it as a research work that is greatly significant in understanding education and child development. Aside from that book, she also authored the book, The Dominance Factor: How Knowing Your Dominant Eye, Ear, Brain, Hand, & Foot Can Improve Your Learning. In this book, she looked at the link between the part of a human’s body favored for â€Å"seeing, hearing, touching, and moving† and a person’s way of thinking, working, reading, playing, and interacting with others (Hannaford, 1997). Basically, the research study conducted by Dr. Hannaford scientifically elaborated and explained the connection of one’s mind and body movement and its implication in his/her learning and thinking abilities. In the Dominance Factor book, Hannaford emphasized on the idea that combining one’s dominant eye, ear, hand, and foot has tremendous effects in the way an individual learn. She also discussed the idea of an individual’s dominance profile. This dominance profile, which can be discovered in a simple and non-invasive muscle-testing, is a key element in molding a person’s way of thinking, acting and communicating with others. According to Hannaford, there are actually 32 different combinations of a person’s â€Å"dominant hemisphere, eye, ear, hand, and foot† (Hannaford, 1997). Each profile also helps a person identify what weaknesses they may encounter under stress. She even asserts that understanding one’s profile will help parents and even their children learn together in the best method suitable for them and that which will help the children perform at their highest capability (Hannaford, 1997). The concept presented by Dr. Hannaford could be tested and used in the different learning skills of people. Applying the dominance theory to an individual’s reading abilities is interesting but poses both a positive and a negative manifestation. Hannaford gave two major profile combinations that are easy to assess. She assumes that a person with a dominant â€Å"logic hemisphere, right eye, right ear, right hand, and right foot† understands better in a structured learning method and an orderly and chronological information presentation (Hughes & Vass, 2001). On the other hand, a person with a dominant â€Å"gestalt hemisphere, left eye, left ear, left hand, and left foot† learns faster through a perception of the bigger picture and understands the main idea yet has difficulty in looking at the details or the step-by-step procedures (Hughes & Vass, 2001). Being aware of this assessment, parents who will be able to easily identify the dominant profiles of their children will find it easier to teach their children how to read and read well considering that they will be able to apply the method that will be best applicable for their children. For the children, since their parents already know how they could read better, they will be able to find the learning process more enjoyable and to their advantage especially given that their parents applied the technique where their child may respond well. However, utilizing the dominance theory also poses negative consequences. Parents who are able to identify the dominant profiles of their children, whether it is as easy as the left and right combinations or more complex like an overlapping combination of the two, will only give focus on that dominant profile. In doing so, they are disregarding the development and enhancement of the other profiles of their children which is not that dominant but may well be applicable to their children. It somewhat constrains the parents to single-out the dominant profiles and set aside those which are not dominant at the moment. In all these, it is observable that any theory poses both positive and negative consequences. Although the ideas presented regarding the dominant profiles and reading skills is interesting, the parents should still consider the holistic growth of their children wherein the young ones develop all their skills as much as possible to their full potential and capabilities. References Hannaford, C. (1997). The Dominance Factor: How Knowing Your Dominant Eye, Ear, Brain, Hand and Foot can improve your Learning. UT: Great River Books. Hughes, M. , & Vass, A. (2001). Strategies for Closing the Lea

Free Essays on Wage Gap

The Wage Gap â€Å"Since the Equal Pay Act was signed in 1963, the wage gap has been closing at a very slow rate† (Rothenburg 314). According to the US Census Bureau, the gender gap continues to increasingly become smaller (1). Although women continue to earn less than men, the median income for full- time working women increased for the fifth consecutive year in 2001. The median earnings for women in 2001 were $29,215 and $38,275 for men. The median earnings for women with a bachelors degree in 2000 was at a median of $38,200. The men in this category with a bachelor’s degree earned $53,500 for the year of 2000 (US Census Bureau 2). I think that men make more money than women because when women joined the workforce, they were taking the positions as a second income, and settled for lower pay. Women also typically have more household responsibilities, making their paid workday shorter. Not to mention the fact that women bare children, and often need to take long leaves of absence. Men hold higher positions, due to the fact that they have been in the workforce longer than women, therefore, historically, men have higher positions. I think, that men think, that women are not as competent as men. Sometimes I think women also feel as though men are more competent, and this really irks me. Therefore, when men, and some women, are hiring employees, they will choose a man over a woman. Another reason why I think women make less is because they tend to be more timid, and are happy to be offered a job in the first place, where a man is more likely to ask for, and in many cases, demand higher pay. There is also a huge gap in earnings depending on race. In the year 2000, according to the US Census Bureau, Asian and Pacific Islanders make the most money per household median income (2). The median household income for Asians and Pacific Islanders is $55,521. This is about $10,000 more than White, non-Hispanics make. Those of Hispanic orig... Free Essays on Wage Gap Free Essays on Wage Gap The Wage Gap â€Å"Since the Equal Pay Act was signed in 1963, the wage gap has been closing at a very slow rate† (Rothenburg 314). According to the US Census Bureau, the gender gap continues to increasingly become smaller (1). Although women continue to earn less than men, the median income for full- time working women increased for the fifth consecutive year in 2001. The median earnings for women in 2001 were $29,215 and $38,275 for men. The median earnings for women with a bachelors degree in 2000 was at a median of $38,200. The men in this category with a bachelor’s degree earned $53,500 for the year of 2000 (US Census Bureau 2). I think that men make more money than women because when women joined the workforce, they were taking the positions as a second income, and settled for lower pay. Women also typically have more household responsibilities, making their paid workday shorter. Not to mention the fact that women bare children, and often need to take long leaves of absence. Men hold higher positions, due to the fact that they have been in the workforce longer than women, therefore, historically, men have higher positions. I think, that men think, that women are not as competent as men. Sometimes I think women also feel as though men are more competent, and this really irks me. Therefore, when men, and some women, are hiring employees, they will choose a man over a woman. Another reason why I think women make less is because they tend to be more timid, and are happy to be offered a job in the first place, where a man is more likely to ask for, and in many cases, demand higher pay. There is also a huge gap in earnings depending on race. In the year 2000, according to the US Census Bureau, Asian and Pacific Islanders make the most money per household median income (2). The median household income for Asians and Pacific Islanders is $55,521. This is about $10,000 more than White, non-Hispanics make. Those of Hispanic orig...

Contenporary Management Issues1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

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Leadership and Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

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